National Park is found within the Southwestern u.s., near Springdale, Utah. A prominent feature of the 229-square-mile park is Zion ravine, which is fifteen miles (24 km) long and up to a mile (800 m) deep, cut through the reddish and tan-colored Navajo arenaceous rock by the North Fork of female parent stream. The lowest altitude is 3,666 ft (1,117 m) at Coalpits Wash and the highest altitude is 8,726 ft (2,660 m) at Horse Ranch Mountain. Located at the junction of the Colorado upland, Great Basin, and Mojave Desert regions, the park's unique geographics and selection of life zones give uncommon plant and animal diversity. Numerous plant species as well as 289 species of birds, 75 mammals (including nineteen species of bat), and 32 reptiles inhabit the park's four life zones: desert, riparian, woodland, and coniferous forest. Zion National Park contains mountains, canyons, buttes, mesas, monoliths, rivers, slot canyons, and natural arches.
Human habitation of the area started concerning 8,000 years ago with little family teams of Native Americans; the semi-nomadic shaper Anasazi (300 CE) stem from one of these teams. In turn, the Virgin Anasazi culture (500 CE) developed because the Basketmakers settled in permanent communities. A different cluster, the Parowan Fremont, lived in the area also. Both teams enraptured away by 1300 and were replaced by the Parrusits and many different Southern Paiute subtribes. Mormons came into the region in 1858 and settled there within the early decennium. In 1909 the President of the United States, William Howard Taft, named the region a monument to safeguard the ravine, under the name of Mukuntuweap National Monument.
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